Kekerasan Seksual terhadap Anak dari Perspektif Teologi Pastoral
Abstract
Sexual violence against minors is a multidimensional crisis that not only violates human rights but also challenges the church's calling as a community of protection, as affirmed in Matthew 18:6. Data from Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak shows that sexual violence accounted for approximately 45% of all reports of violence against children in 2020–2022, with the majority of victims aged 13–17 and experiencing long-term psychological trauma. Patriarchal socio-cultural factors, lack of family supervision, and a lack of comprehensive sexuality education are key contributors to the rise in cases of sexual violence against children in Indonesia, necessitating a more proactive and restorative pastoral theological response. This study examines how pastoral theology can respond to this phenomenon through a biblically based model of care that integrates Matthew 18:6 as a radical theological foundation. The author proposes a model of care encompassing three pillars: prevention through biblically based sex education and awareness of bodily autonomy; trauma healing through pastoral care that presents God as a merciful and comforting Father; and building spiritual resilience through a safe and supportive koinonia community. With this approach, the church is called to transform from a silent and passive community into a "fortress of protection" and an agent of justice that upholds the truth of the Imago Dei in child victims, while simultaneously becoming an agent of victim empowerment so that their identities are reconstructed from "broken" to "healed in Christ."
Keywords: sexual violence; children; Matthew 18:6; pastoral theology; pastoral care; spiritual resilience
Abstrak
Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di bawah umur merupakan krisis multidimensi yang tidak hanya melanggar hak asasi manusia, tetapi juga menantang panggilan gereja sebagai komunitas perlindungan sebagaimana ditegaskan dalam Matius 18:6. Data Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan seksual mendominasi hingga sekitar 45% dari total laporan kekerasan terhadap anak pada periode 2020–2022 dengan mayoritas korban berusia 13–17 tahun dan mengalami trauma psikologis jangka panjang. Faktor sosial budaya patriark, kurangnya pengawasan keluarga, serta rendahnya edukasi seksualitas secara komprehensif menjadi kontributor utama maraknya kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di Indonesia, sehingga respons teologi pastoral yang lebih proaktif dan restoratif dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang bagaimana teologi pastoral dapat merespons fenomena ini melalui pendampingan berbasis Alkitab yang berintegrasi dengan Matius 18:6 sebagai landasan teologisnya. Penulis mengusulkan pendampingan yang mencakup tiga pilar: pencegahan melalui pendidikan seks berbasis Alkitab dan kesadaran body autonomy, penyembuhan trauma melalui pendampingan pastoral yang menghadirkan Allah sebagai Bapa belas kasih dan Penghibur, serta pembangunan resiliensi spiritual melalui komunitas koinonia yang aman dan suportif. Dengan pendekatan ini gereja dipanggil untuk bertransformasi dari komunitas yang diam dan pasif menjadi “benteng perlindungan” dan agen keadilan yang menegakkan kebenaran Imago Dei dalam diri anak korban, sekaligus menjadi agen pemberdayaan korban, agar identitas mereka direkonstruksi dari “yang rusak” menjadi “yang disembuhkan dalam Kristus.”
Kata Kunci: kekerasan seksual; anak; Matius 18:6; teologi pastoral; pendampingan pastoral; resiliensi spiritual
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